Essay topics Patriarchy and the Shakespearean Woman William Shakespeare writes during a time when patriarchy was prevalent. Shakespeare includes these personas and attitudes within his plays to illustrate how these ideals played out Women and Patriarchy. Across the world, the secondary position of women in society remains a virtual constant. This preferential treatment for men is embedded in social and political structures in various countries and societies. This paper examines how patriarchal structures remain in three important social structures - marriage, household and Jan 01, · A Critical Analysis Of Patriarchy Sociology Essay. In the article “Patriarchy, the System”, Allan Johnson defines patriarchy, and in doing so addresses the common misconceptions and stereotypes that people inaccurately identify with the term. He argues that people tend to generalize and attach the term patriarchy with men, and therefore come to the conclusion that all men are
Patriarchy Essay Example ��
Women and Patriarchy Across the worldthe secondary position of women in society remains a virtual constant, patriarchy essay. This preferential treatment for men is embedded in social and political structures in various countries and societies, patriarchy essay.
This paper examines how patriarchal structures remain in three important social structures - marriagepatriarchy essay, household and family lifeand in the economy. The first part patriarchy essay the paper compares the marriage practices among the Yanomamo Indians in northern Brazil, the Sherpa patriarchy essay of the Himalayas and the! Kung Sen people of the Kalahari desert. These ethnographic examples were selected because of their geographic and racial diversity.
The second part of the paper examines the gender relations and division of labor within the household, and how such traditional gender structures in the home are being affected by the growing number of women who work outside the home, both by choice and by economic need.
The last part of the paper patriarchy essay women's participation in the economic sphere outside the home, patriarchy essay. Since traditional economic measures generally ignore women's work in the "informal" economy, this section gives special focus on women whose economic participation is often overlooked, such as the maquiladoras of Mexico and the small vendors and business owners in Jamaica.
Precisely because their work is not counted in the formal economy, economic planners rarely take their needs into account when making decisions about policies such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund's structural adjustment programs.
In the conclusionthe paper teases out how -- despite outward changes such as suffrage and growing educational opportunities for women -- patriarchal norms remain deeply embedded in the social and economic structures all over the world. Marriage Practices In the United States, most women are free to pick their choice of mates and to enter into marriage agreements. The prevailing view in many developed and Westernized country is to see marriage as a partnership.
In many societies around the world, however, patriarchy essay, marriage is more than a union of two people. Most women do not have a choice regarding their mates. For example, the Yanomamo Indians of northern Brazil use marriage arrangements to forge alliances and to maintain peace within the villages, patriarchy essay.
Most women are expected to marry at a young age, via previous arrangements. Among the Yanomami, only men are allowed to have more than one spouse. A man who successfully obtains several wives ensures that his grandsons will have a wide pool of cross-cousins from which to find a wife Chagnon, patriarchy essay, Like the Yanomamos, the Sherpas of Nepal have exogamic restrictions governing marriage.
Traditional marriages arranged by parents are still the norm. The consent of marriage partners became more important and there are also increasing instances of Sherpas marrying Nepalis from outside the Sherpa community.
Weddings are considered community events, times of elaborate celebration and feasting that last up to three days. Some Sherpa men may have more than one wife, although polygamy is no longer the norm. Like the Yanomamo, Sherpa women in rural villages marry young, often patriarchy essay they turn Upon marriage, a wife becomes a member of her husband's extended family and is expected to care for his elderly parents Ortner Kung San are a nomadic tribe which subsist through hunting and gathering in the Kalahari Desert.
Like the Yanomamo and the Sherpas, parents often arrange their teenage daughter's marriages, usually to adult men.! Kung men also have the option of a polygamous marriage, particularly if they have proven themselves as good hunters and providers. Shostak also observes that although many polygamous marriages last, these are often plagued by bitter fights Shostak Despite their geographic and cultural differencespatriarchy essay rules governing marriage among the Yanomamo, the Sherpa, and the!
Kung San reveal an underlying preferential treatment for men, patriarchy essay. Patriarchy essay is clear in the way the Sherpa and patriarchy essay Yanomamo women do not have any choice in the institution of marriage. Despite the higher position accorded to! Kung women, they are still in a more subservient position compared to the! Kung males. Gender relations in Women traditionally worked in the domestic sphere.
Married women continue to perform all or most of the household tasks, even when they are working. The reasons for this continued division appear to be cultural.
For example, patriarchy essay men who help out in the home may still be reluctant to help in tasks that have been labeled as feminine or non- masculinesuch as laundry and cooking. However, even in countries with strong traditions of female domesticity, more and more women are working outside the home to augment the family income. These jobs usually include trade, vending and day labor in factories or as domestic servants. Because of massive job retrenchments, many of these women are the sole breadwinners of their families.
Researchers find that more women from poorer communities or, in the case of India, lower castes enter the world of temporary wage employment and patriarchy essay commerce Narayan et al. This ties in with the traditional classic view that presents society as a social organism, where the man's role was to labor outside the house and the woman's role was to labor in the domestic sphere.
The main driving force behind women seeking employment is thus financial need, patriarchy essay, not a fundamental shift in the social mores concerning the equality of men and women. This new role of women as wage earners and breadwinners, however, has also affected the sphere of the family and the household. In Indonesia, for example, Juliette Koning observes that many women in rural villages leave to work as migrant laborers abroad.
If they come back, they usually get married at a later age than tradition requires. They also often prefer to find their own mates rather than have arranged matches.
Despite these significant changes in marriage structures, however, patriarchy essay, Koning finds that a woman's authority declines once she is married. Many women therefore establish a network of friends for support Koning After this initial autonomy, however, the pattern of subordination reasserts itself, patriarchy essay.
Ratna Saptari finds that when a woman has to go back to work in a factory, it is this network of female friends who are charged with taking care of the children and other domestic tasks, patriarchy essay.
Based on this, Saptari concludes that the nuclear-based family household remains patriarchy essay dominant domestic unit, patriarchy essay. Furthermore, because a network of female friends - not the father - is charged with the household tasks, the domestic sphere remains female space Saptari In a study of rural village families in China, Weiguo Zhang observes that patriarchy essay gendered division of labor patriarchy essay to occur in rural Chinese families.
Women are increasingly responsible for agriculture and its sidelines and men mainly engage in non-agricultural activities. Women's contribution to household economy is increasingly important, partly because of the intensification of labor and diversification of income sources following the institutional reforms. Women's patriarchy essay has become increasingly indispensable in the household under the new gender division of labor Zhang However, the patriarchy essay belief that women naturally belong within or close to the family restricts them from making use of some of the opportunities available to them, patriarchy essay.
The changing economic structure and social division of labor shape family relations, i. family structures, at present. In the Hebei household, patriarchy essay, the relation between husband and wife is supplanting the traditional primary relation between father and son. These smaller nuclear households, however, have strengthened bonds between families who are members of the same clan. Women continue to have frequent contact with their native kin, and kinship has become more important as an organizing principle in social relations.
The changing roles indicate a women's role within the Hebei household is becoming more differentiated and complex Zhang Patriarchy essay gendered division of labor is the household is not limited to developing countries. A study of this division of labor among immigrant Chicano families in the United States reveals a continued gendered division of labor.
In her study, Beatriz M. Pesquera concludes that many Chicana women in both professional and clerical positions have made inroads towards moving their marriages towards less gender-segregated divisions of labor within the household.
However, most of these marriages were still not egalitarian in terms of their chore allocation Patriarchy essay. Women patriarchy essay to do most of the household work, on top of the work outside the home. Pesquera thus concludes that in many Chicano patriarchy essay, the traditional division of labor is reinforced and reproduced, albeit with a few concessions to patriarchy essay task allocations. In summary, feminist studies of the changing gender relations within the households illustrate how an idealized classical viewpoint of the mother in the domestic sphere fails to recognize the economic realities of poverty brought about by programs like structural adjustment, patriarchy essay.
The fact that a gender-based division of labor exists across classes and despite new realities that force women to work outside the home shows the inadequacies of current theories on the complex relationships between gender and labor, both inside and…. Works Cited African Women's Network Women Standing Up to Adjustment in Africa: A Report of the African Women's Economic Policy Network. available from patriarchy essay. htm accessed 22 March Alarcon-Gonzales, Diana and Terry McKinley Available from Proquest www.
com accessed 22 March Chagnon, Napoleon The Yanomamo. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanocich College Publishers. Harrison, Faye Louse Lamphere et al.
New York and London: Women's Roles in Early America What were the roles of women in the early American period from roughly ? Although a great portion of the history of families and people in early America during this period is about men and their roles, there are valid reports of women's activities in the literature, and this paper points out several roles that women played in that era.
The Roles patriarchy essay Women in Early. Women in nineteenth century Europe were systematically excluded from positions of power in the public spheres including but not limited to political and economic domains. Thus invisible and disenfranchised, women were relegated to being priestesses in the cult of domesticity: the private sphere that was at once necessary for the maintenance of life but also restricting in its roles and functions.
The cult of domesticity was open primarily to members. Women The sphere of women's work had been strictly confined to the domestic realm, patriarchy essay, prior to the Industrial Revolution. Social isolation, financial dependence, and political disenfranchisement characterized the female experience prior to the twentieth century, patriarchy essay.
The suffrage movement was certainly the first sign of the dismantling of the institutionalization of patriarchy, followed by universal access to education, and finally, the civil rights movement, patriarchy essay.
Essay on Patriarchy/Feminism/Women Empowerment/Gender Equality : Selected Quotes
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Essay On Patriarchal Society Essay On Gender Roles In Bobbie Ann Mason's Shiloh. The definition of how a man or a woman should act have recently been John And Abigail Adams Rhetorical Analysis. If women did not stand up for themselves then, women today would not Women and Patriarchy. Across the world, the secondary position of women in society remains a virtual constant. This preferential treatment for men is embedded in social and political structures in various countries and societies. This paper examines how patriarchal structures remain in three important social structures - marriage, household and Patriarchy Essay. Patriarchy is a social system in which families and societies are dominated by males as primary authority figures. Due to patriarchy, females have been disadvantaged in many aspects of life including employment, family life, crime, health, education and media
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